word semantics -العنصر السادس من عناصر اختبارات الكادر في اللغة الانجليزية

[samybassam]

word semantics -العنصر السادس من عناصر اختبارات الكادر في اللغة الانجليزية
هذا الموضوع يتحدث عن علم السيمانتكس الذي يتناول معاني المفردات والمفروض أن يأتي معه علم دراسة القواعد النحوية وهو السينتاكس semantics and syntax ,ودائما تتم دراستهما معاً، فهما كما نقول ( شاي وسكر ، عيش وحلاوة ، عيش وملح ، قميص وبنطلون وهكذا ولا أعرف لماذا اختارت الوزارة الجزء الخاص بالسيمانتكس لوحدة وفصلته عن توأمه السينتاكس ، يمكن يكونوا استنضفوا موضوع semantics أو يمكن تكون الكلمة عجبتهم ، طيب ليه بهدلوا ال Syntax وأعطوا له أسماء أخرى مثل sentence and phrase types وهذا جزء بسيط من ال syntax K بصراحة أنا مش فاهم وجهة نظر الوزارة وللي يفهم يفهمني وياخد أتعابه . عموماً أنا بزلت مجهود كويس في تلخيص الموضوع عله يحوز رضاكم و شكراً يا أساتذة الجيل _ سامي - الفيوم
word semantics -العنصر السادس من عناصر اختبارات الكادر في اللغة الانجليزية

What is semantics?
Semantics is the study of meaning. It is hard to find two people who agree absolutely on what words like "beauty" "goodness", or "love" imply. Someone that you describe as " beautiful , another may describe as "plain" or even " ugly" ; being "good " to your boss may be seen as being hypocritical to him. Meaning varies and cannot be taken for granted.
Semantics usually looks into conventional word meaning المعنى التقليدي للمفردة and sentence meaning which is fixed and agreed-upon . We are not free to change the meanings of these words, so that words and sentences have meaning independent of our wills. However, in some cases as you probably know it is equally important to know what the speaker intends to convey when using a chunk of language. This is the subject matter of " pragmatics" which is the use of language in context and how context influences the way sentences convey information, assert or describe a state of affairs, but we do something extra over and above the statement; we accuse,admit,apologize,challenge,complain,condole, congratulate,decline,deplore,greet,mock, name, offer, praise, promise, propose, protest ,recommend, refuse , surrender ,or thank.
In other words, we do things with speech so that speech is action. We offer condolences( I'm sorry to hear about your grandmother!), thank people ( Thanks a million !) , refuse and /or apologize( I 'm afraid I can't ) , or make requests ( Could you pass the salt, please?) .
Word semantics – Word sense relations
Synonyms: Different words appear to have the same meaning such as 'big/large",royal / regal" . Such words are said to be synonyms having the same meaning.However ,such synonymy is always patial, never complete.For example, the synonym ( tall ) and ( high) are not identical in meaning. Consider their use in the following expressions:" tall building" and " high building" which have the same meaning.However, we can say " tall boy " but we can't say " high boy " which is not acceptable in English.
Antonyms: Another sense relation between words is that the oppositness of meaning.Some words semantically similar or in the same category seem to have opposites,( e.g. " long/short, good/bad" ) that share all but one feature that is present in one but absent in the other.
Hyponyms:The meaning of some words are included in the meaning of others; such meaning inclusion is called hyponymy.For example, the colour " red" includes " scarlet and ruby". Similarly, a general term like " flower" includes the kinds/co-hyponyms such as " jasmine, rose , or dahlia" .
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Reference: Semantics & syntax by Professor Ola Hafez – Revised by Professor Enani .
Summary written by Sami Hanna

[نبيل موريس جورج]

مشكور يا مستر بس هنقرأ كل ده امتي وبعدين المشكلة في اللغة العربية انا فكرت اخد درس
ههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههه محدش يعرف مدرس كويس

[محب الخطاب]

مجهود وافر مستر سامي
قوللي أشكرك ازاي؟
تلميذك محمد
الفيوم الحديثة

[اسامة الفيومى]

هو دة سامى حنا الفيومى و احنا بنحييك من جموهورية فيديمين

[Ahmed Abu El Fadl]

مجهود محمود يامست سامي بارك الله فيكم أخي الكريم

[hussein_draz]

نشكركم سيدى على المجهود الرائع فى كافة المواضيع ولكن هل يمكن رفع
hallo 8 unit 5 & unit 10 & unit 15
وذلك لأنهم غير موجودين

فين اسئلة الصيانة والترميمات
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