الماضى التام والماضى البسيط

[ابن سيناء]

اذا كان الحديث عن حدثين منفصلين فى الماضى فان الحدث الاول الذى انتهى قبل الاخر يوضع فى الماضى التام والحدث الذى تلاه فى الماضى البسيط مع ادوات الربط التالية:
First, I watched Tv.Then I went to bed.
After
ماضى بسيط + ماضى تام......... When
As soon as
After/As soon as/When I had watched TV,I went to bed.
I went to bed after/as soon as/ when I had watched tv
ماضى بسيطAfter/As soon as+v+ing+
After/As soon as watching tv I went to bed.
Before
ماضى تام + ماضى بسيط
When
By the time
*Before/when/by the time I went to bed ,I had watched Tv.
I had watched tv before/when/by the time I went to bed.
15 ماضى بسيط Before+ v+ing+
Before going to bed I had watched tv.
ماضى تامtill/until+ + ماضى بسيط منفى
I did not go to bed till/until I had watch
ماضى بسيط +that+ ماضى تامIt was not until +
It was not until I had watched Tv that I went to bed.
ماضى بسيط +that+ ماضى تامIt was only when
It was only when I had watched Tv that I went to bed.
Having watched Tv I went to bed هنا Havingحلت محل hadوتم حزف اداة الربط والفاعل
ماضى بسيط Immediately on + v+ing +
تحل محل as soon as اى انها تدخل على الماضى التام فيحزف الفاعل وياتى بعدها v+ing
Immediately on watching Tv I went to bed.
Onتحل محل when وياتى بعدها v+ingجملة + On+v+ing
On watching Tv I went to bed.
No sooner ……….than…….. لم اكد..........حتى....................
No sooner ( صيغة استفهام ) ماضى تام اوماضى بسيط than ماضى بسيط
No sooner had(did) فاعل +pp(inf) than ماضى بسيط
No sooner had I watched tv than I went to bed.
No sooner did I watch tv than I went to bed.
فاعل had+ no sooner+ pp+ than ماضى بسيط
I had no sooner watched tv than I went to bed.
Hardly (Scarcely )…………when….. لم اكد............. حتى...........
Hardly (scarcely) ( صيغة استفهام ) ماضى تام اوماضى بسيط than ماضى بسيط
Hardly( scarcely) had(did) فاعل +pp(inf) when ماضى بسيط
Hardly had I watched tv when I went to bed.
Hardly did I watch tv when I went to bed.
فاعل had+ hardly+ pp+ when ماضى بسيط
I had hardly watched tv when I went to bed

) لا يستخدم ماضى تام بعدهما بل ماضى بسيطafter that/afterwards عند استخدام ( I had watched TV and after that/afterwards I went to bed.
) يستخدم ماضى تام بعدهما قبل ذلك before that عند استخدام (
لا تنسونا بالدعاء
I went to bed and before that I had watched TV.

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