توضيح بسيط بشأن Non-defining clause

[Mr.Limitless]

جاء فى كتاب الــ Work Book هذه الجملة Find the mistake
1. My cousin, that is a research chemist, works in the food industry

و حلها :

My cousin, who is a research chemist, works in the food industry.

و فيم يلى شرح لهذه الجملة حيث أنى لم أر بعض الكتب الخارجية تتعرض لها :

كما نعرف أن هناك نوعين من جمل الوصل :
non-defining or non-restrictive :الأول و يطلق عليه و هو الذى لا يضيف معلومة إلى الجملة و يفصل بينه وبين باقى الجملة بــCOmma

مثال :

• Albert Einstein, who put forward the theory of relativity, is considered by many as the most intelligent person in human history.
• The ELC, which provides language support to PolyU students, is located in the AG wing.

الثانى : يطلق عليه a defining (or restrictive) relative clause و هو النوع الذى يضيف معنى زائد إلى الجملة و لا يفصل بينه و باقة الجملة ب comma مثال :

• The student who achieves the highest GPA score in this department will be awarded a prize of $20,000.
• Computer games that involve fighting and shooting apparently have a negative effect on young people.

و لا يمكن استخدام that محل who أو which فى non defining clause بأى حال من الأحوال
مثال
Elephants, that are large and grey, can sometimes be found in zoos.
جملة خاطئة

و الصحيحة

Elephants, which are large and grey, can sometimes be found in zoos.