ملف شامل عن حقوق العلميين الطبيين
Clinical scientist entry requirements
Clinical biochemist
A first or second class honours degree in chemistry or biochemistry - or one with a high proportion of these subjects - for entry.
Clinical immunologist
Graduates enter via a biochemistry or biology degree which has a component of immunology.
Clinical cytogeneticist & molecular geneticist
A good degree in life sciences or genetics.
Clinical microbiologist
A good honours degree in microbiology as required or a general biological science degree with numerous microbiology options.
المصدر
NHS in England (National Health Service in England)
http://www.nhscareers.nhs.uk/details...lt.aspx?Id=238
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biomedical scientist (or biomedical doctor, biomedician, medical scientist), is a scientist trained in the life sciences, especially in the context of medicine. The research of biomedical scientists is referred to as biomedical research. These scientists work to understand the biological principles that govern the function of the human body, to discover the mechanisms of disease, and to find innovative ways to treat or cure disease by developing advanced diagnostic tools or new therapeutic strategies.
biologists are able to work in NHS as Biomedical Scientists and they are permitted to use the protected title biomedical scientist.
المصدر
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_scientist
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A biomedical scientist carries out laboratory tests on human samples to help clinicians diagnose illness and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. This work is vital to the wellbeing of patients because doctors treat them on the basis of these test results.
Most biomedical scientists specialise in one of the following medical laboratory sciences: medical microbiology (identification of micro-organisms causing disease, and their antibiotic treatment); clinical chemistry (the chemical analysis of body fluids); transfusion science (determination of donor unit compatibility and investigations into group antigens and antibodies); haematology (morphology and physiology of blood); histopathology (examination of tissue samples); cytology (analysis of cellular materials); immunology (understanding the immune system); and virology (identification of viruses).
http://ww2.prospects.ac.uk/p/types_o...escription.jsp
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Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) is a healthcare professional who performs chemical, hematological, immunologic, microscopic, and bacteriological diagnostic analyses on body fluids such as blood, urine, sputum, stool, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, and synovial fluid, as well as other specimens. Medical Laboratory Scientists work in clinical laboratories at hospitals, doctor's offices, reference labs, and biotechnology labs.
Medical Laboratory Scientist typically earns a bachelor's degree in medical laboratory science, clinical laboratory science, medical technology or in a life / biological science (biology, biochemistry, etc.)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical...tory_Scientist
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The basic qualification for becoming a Clinical Biochemist is a good Honours degree in Biochemistry or Chemistry (or another science subject which contains a substantial Biochemistry component). Other science degrees may be suitable for certain posts, and Membership or Graduate Membership of the Royal Society of Chemistry or Membership of the Institute of Biologists by examination are also acceptable.
المصدر
) acb)association of clinical biochemistry
الجمعيه الانجليزيه للكيمياء الحيويه الاكلينيكيه
http://www.acb.org.uk/site/clinscicareers.asp
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Becoming a Clinical Biochemist in the Republic of Ireland
The minimum qualification requirement for becoming a Basic Grade Clinical Biochemist (as laid down by the Department of Health and Children) is a Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree in which Biochemistry was taken as a subject in the final examination or degree *****alent. In reality, in recent times, most new entrants will have attained either a MSc or PhD relevant to Clinical Biochemistry prior to their first appointment.
المصدر
الجمعيه الايرلنديه للكيميائيين الطبيين
http://www.acbi.ie/Biochemist.htm
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What Is a Clinical Chemist?
A clinical chemist is a person who uses chemistry to evaluate patient health. S/he may evaluate blood, study DNA, examine tissue, or study cells. S/he may be a research scientist or a developer of diagnostic products.
How Far Do You Want To Go?
1- medical technologistedical Technol Medical Te Develop new test methods under supervision of doctoral-level staff
4-yr. college degree (B.S.) in science
2- supervisor (specialist)
Master's degree (M.S.)
3- medical laboratory director
Doctoral degree or postdoctoral studies
المصدر
الجمعيه الامريكيه للكيمياء الاكلينيكيه
http://www.aacc.org/members/sycl/Edu...s/careers.aspx
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Who's Who in the Lab:
1-Laboratory medical director, such as a pathologist or clinical scientist.
Note: Within the laboratory’s organizational structure, the actual position titles may be different.
-Medical Director
Laboratory certifying agencies require that the director of a certified lab must be either of the
following:
Physician (M.D. or D.O.), such as a pathologist
Ph.D., such as a clinical scientist
2-Technical and/or general supervisor,
3-Medical technologist (MT) or clinical laboratory scientist (CLS)
4 -Medical laboratory technician (MLT) or clinical laboratory technician (CLT)
5-Phlebotomist (PBT): Phlebotomists, also called phlebotomy technicians, work directly with you, the patient, to draw your blood for laboratory tests using venipuncture or skin puncture. Usually, PBTs have completed high school and have received phlebotomy training,
http://www.labtestsonline.org/lab/who-2.html
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WHAT ARE MY OVERALL RESPONSIBILITIES?
As laboratory director, you are responsible for the overall operation and
administration of the laboratory, including the employment of competent
qualified personnel. Even though you have the option to delegate some
of your responsibilities, you remain ultimately responsible and must
ensure that all the duties are properly performed and applicable CLIA
regulations are met. It is your responsibility to ensure that your
laboratory develops and uses a quality system approach to laboratory
testing that provides accurate and reliable patient test results.
https://www.cms.gov/CLIA/downloads/brochure7.pdf
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The Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Director in the United States Hospital Setting
WHO ARE MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY DIRECTORS?
Microbiology laboratory directors are doctoral-level scientists or physicians who have postdoctoral training in clinical and medical microbiology and who have passed certifying examinations. Scientists who direct microbiology laboratories have doctoral degrees in one of the biological sciences, while physicians have postresidency training either in pathology or in infectious diseases.
WHAT DOES A MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY DIRECTOR DO?
According to CLIA regulations, the CML director is responsible for the overall operation and administration of the laboratory. This includes employment of personnel who are competent to perform test procedures and record and report test results promptly, accurately, and proficiently. In addition, the laboratory director must ensure compliance with applicable regulations.
المصدر
الجمعيه الامريكيه للميكروبيولوجي
http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/full/48/10/3465
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Certification Standards for Bioanalyst Clinical
Laboratory Director (BCLD)
To be eligible for certification as a Bioanalyst Clinical Laboratory Director (BCLD), an applicant must fulfill the following requirements:
An earned doctoral degree
* from an accredited institution (see rule 11 under General Regulations) with a chemical, physical or biological science as the major subject and have successfully completed 32 semester hours (minimum) in chemistry or the biological sciences acceptable to the Board.
المصدر
American board of bioanalysis
http://www.aab.org/aab/BCLD.asp?SnID=2
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قانون التحاليل الطبيه في بعض ولايات امريكا
General Laws of Massachusetts
“clinical laboratory director”,
with responsibility for the direction of the technical and scientific operation of such laboratory, including the examination of specimens and the making of reports thereon; provided, that no individual so appointed shall serve as clinical laboratory director for more than three months unless the department within such period shall certify that such person
(1) is a physician who is certified in anatomical or clinical pathology by the American Board of Pathology or in at least one laboratory speciality by the American Board of Medical Microbiology, the American Board of Clinical Chemistry, or other national accrediting board acceptable to the department, or who possesses qualifications which the department considers *****alent to any such certification;
(2) holds an earned doctoral degree, with a chemical, physical, or biological science as his major subject, from an accredited educational institution, and he is certified in at least one laboratory speciality by the American Board of Medical Microbiology, the American Board of Clinical Chemistry, or other national accrediting board acceptable to the department, or he possesses qualifications which the department considers *****alent to any such certification;
http://law.onecle.com/massachusetts/111d/7.html
Qualifications of laboratory director.
A person is qualified to act as a laboratory director of a clinical laboratory if:
(1) The person is a pathologist certified in clinical or anatomical pathology by a national organization or organizations recognized by the Oregon Health Authority, or is a physician who possesses qualifications *****alent to those required for such certification;
(2) The person is a physician who possesses special qualifications that enable the person to perform as a laboratory director, or is directing a laboratory on January 1, 1970;
(3) The person has an earned degree of Doctor of Science or Doctor of Philosophy, or an acceptable degree as determined by the authority, from an accredited college or university, with a major in the chemical, physical, or biological sciences and possesses special qualifications as described in the administrative rules of the authority that enable the person to perform as a laboratory director;
(4) The person is a member of a group of five or more physicians who operate on November 4, 1993, a laboratory performing work only on their patients and is the member designated by the group to be the director; or
(5) The person was responsible for the direction of a clinical laboratory for at least 12 months within the five years preceding January 1, 1970, and has had at least two years of pertinent clinical laboratory experience, as determined by the authority.
http://www.leg.state.or.us/ors/438.html
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Florida Laws: FL Statutes
qualifications of clinical laboratory director.
A clinical laboratory director must have 4 years of clinical laboratory experience with 2 years of experience in the specialty to be directed or be nationally board certified in the specialty to be directed, and must meet one of the following requirements:
(1) Be a physician licensed under chapter 458 or chapter 459;
(2) Hold an earned doctoral degree in a chemical, physical, or biological science from a regionally accredited institution and maintain national certification requirements equal to those required by the federal Health Care Financing Administration; or
http://law.onecle.com/florida/regula...s/483.824.html
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California laws
Who can direct a clinical laboratory in California?
Only a licensed physician and surgeon, a licensed osteopath, or a licensed doctoral scientist can direct a laboratory in California
http://www.ziddu.com/download/149901...Feb07.pdf.html
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Denial, revocation, or suspension of laboratory license.
A medical laboratory license may be denied, revoked, suspended, limited, an******, or renewal thereof denied for any of the following reasons:
(1) Making false statements on an application for medical laboratory license or any other documents required by the cabinet.
(2) Permitting unauthorized persons to perform technical procedures or to issue or sign reports.
(3) Demonstrating incompetence or making frequent errors in the performance or reporting of medical laboratory examinations and procedures.
(4) Performing a test and rendering a report thereon to a person not authorized by law to receive such services.
(5) Reporting the results determined on a specimen by a medical laboratory which has not been licensed or exempted under this chapter.
(6) Rendering a report on medical laboratory work actually performed in another medical laboratory without designating the name of the director and the name and address of the medical laboratory in which the test was performed.
(7) Knowingly having professional connection with or knowingly lending the use of the name of the licensed medical laboratory or its director to an unlicensed medical laboratory.
(8) Violating or aiding and abetting in the violation of any provision of this chapter or the rules or regulations promulgated hereunder.
(9) Failing to submit to the cabinet any report required by the provisions of this chapter or the reasonable rules and regulations promulgated hereunder.
(10) Failure of medical laboratory personnel, trainees, assistants or other individuals employed by a medical laboratory, to complete the course specified in KRS 214.610(1) at least one (1) time every ten (10) years, unless the cabinet requires, by promulgation of an administrative regulation in accordance with KRS Chapter 13A, completion of the course more frequently.
www.lrc.ky.gov/krs/333-00/190.PDF
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Minimum standards for the operation of private clinical laboratories
(a) The laboratory shall be operated in compliance with all applicable state and federal laws and regulations, including but not necessarily limited to CLIA Title 42 Part 493 of the code of federal regulations and with all reasonable administrative directives pursuant thereto.
(b) Quarters in which laboratory work is performed or specimens collected shall be kept free from filth, excessive dirt or litter or other objectionable condition, shall be adequately lighted and ventilated, shall be equipped with utilities adequate for the work, shall be of adequate size and arrangement for the proper conduct of the work and shall be free from unnecessary safety hazards. Smoking and the consumption of food or beverages shall be prohibited in those areas where the examination of specimens is being carried out. No food or beverage shall be stored in a refrigerator or freezer used for storing patient specimens or potentially infectious materials.
(c) Equipment shall be adequate and in good order at all times as considered necessary for the proper handling of work for which licensure may be granted.
(d) The laboratory shall at all times be operated under the supervision of a director or other qualified person acceptable to the department.
(e) No misrepresentation of the scope of laboratory services or of the qualifications or special abilities of persons associated with the laboratory shall be permitted.
www.dir.ct.gov/dph/PHC/docs/82_Clinical_Laboratories.doc
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Qualifications of director
No person shall be the director of a clinical laboratory unless he meets the educational, training and/or experiential requirements identified in this section.
(a) For laboratories performing tests categorized as high complexity, the director shall:
(1) be a physician licensed to practice medicine in Connecticut who is certified in anatomic and/or clinical pathology by the American Board of Pathology or the American Osteopathic Board of Pathology or meets all of the education, training or experience requirements to take the examination but has not actually taken and successfully completed the examination; or
(2) hold an earned doctoral degree in a chemical, physical, biological or clinical laboratory science from an accredited institution and:
(A) be certified by the American Board of Medical Microbiology, the American Board of Clinical Chemistry, the American Board of Bioanalysis, the American Board of Medical Laboratory Immunology or other board deemed comparable by the Commissioner; or
(
have at least two (2) years of laboratory training or experience, or both, and at least two (2) years of experience directing or supervising high complexity testing; or
(3) have a combination of education, training and experience in the clinical laboratory specialty, which, in the judgment of the commissioner, qualifies the individual to direct a laboratory whose services are limited to that specialty.
(b) For laboratories performing tests categorized as moderate complexity, the director shall:
(1) meet the qualification standards identified in subsection (a) of this section; or
(2) hold an earned doctoral degree in medicine or dentistry or in chemical, physical or biological sciences from an accredited institution and have at least one (1) year of experience directing or supervising non-waived laboratory testing; or
(3) have earned a master's degree in a chemical, physical, biological or clinical laboratory science or medical technology from an accredited institution and have at least one (1) year of laboratory training or experience, or both, in non-waived testing and at least one (1) year of supervisory laboratory experience in non-waived testing; or
(4) have earned a bachelor's degree in a chemical, physical or biological science or medical technology from an accredited institution and have at least two (2) years of laboratory training or experience, or both, in non-waived testing and at least two (2) years of supervisory laboratory experience in non-waived testing.
(Effective June 4, 1996.)
www.dir.ct.gov/dph/PHC/docs/82_Clinical_Laboratories.doc
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Responsibilities of licensee and director
(a) The licensee shall ensure that the laboratory is at all times under the direction of a director who meets the qualification standards identified in Section 19a-13-D33 of the regulations of Connecticut State Agencies. Whenever the designated director is to be on leave for more than thirty (30) calendar days, the licensee shall so notify the department in advance and shall designate an interim supervisor of the laboratory who meets the qualifications identified in subsection (c) of this section. The licensee shall notify the department at least thirty (30) days in advance of any proposed change of ownership or major expansion or alteration in quarters. At such time that the director severs connection with the laboratory, the department may grant permission for the continued operation of the laboratory under an interim supervisor for not more than six (6) weeks. In extenuating circumstances, permission to operate longer without a permanent director may be granted subject to conditions specified in writing by the department.
(b) The licensee and director, if different persons, shall be jointly and severally responsible for the operation of the laboratory in compliance with sections 19a-36-D20 through 19a-36-D38 of the regulations of Connecticut State Agencies, and with other pertinent regulatory and statutory requirements. They shall advise the department within seven (7) days of changes in operations or personnel. They shall submit to the department an annual report on forms provided for the purpose which shall relate to the numbers and types of laboratory examinations performed during the preceding year.
(c) The director shall be responsible for the work of subordinates, the proper management of patient test specimens and records, the proper performance of all tests in the laboratory, and the continual application of quality control procedures to the work in accordance with recommendations and directives of the department. In the absence of the director for any cause, the interim supervisor shall assume the director's responsibilities. Such interim supervisor shall meet the qualification requirements identified in Section 19a-36-D34 of the regulations of Connecticut State Agencies.
(d) Except for illness, vacation or other justifiable leave, the director shall be responsible for the overall operation of the laboratory. No person shall act as director of more than five (5) laboratories.
www.dir.ct.gov/dph/PHC/docs/82_Clinical_Laboratories.doc
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how to set up medical lab ?
- Determine your patient's needs and assess the laboratory's test menu and the selection of test methodologies; taking into consideration level of complexity of tests, cost effectiveness and test volume before implementation of new systems.
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Ensure that the Laboratory has a qualified Laboratory Director that will be responsible for the overall operation and administration of the laboratory. If Laboratory Director is not qualified he/she can complete a 20 CME course for Laboratory Directors of Moderately Complexity laboratories to fulfill Lab Director requirements and meet CLIA guidelines.
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Apply for a CLIA certificate by completing and submitting the CLIA application (Form-116).
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Enroll in Proficiency Testing for all tests requiring PT enrollment (test with non-waived status).
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Perform validation of new methods that have non-waived status; accuracy, precision, and reportable range.
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Establish and implement a procedure manual.
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Establish and implement quality control and quality assurance programs.
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Specify in writing the responsibilities and duties of each testing person, ensuring all testing personnel are competent.
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The Laboratory must have a record system; Temperature logs, maintenance logs, master logs, specimen referral logs, reagent logs, action logs, communication logs, QC logs and patient test result logs.
Follow CLIA guidelines and good Laboratory Practices.
http://www.labadvisory.com/FAQ
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The profession of specialist in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine is practised in Europe at equal level of responsibility by persons educated in medicine, pharmacy, or science, which includes biology, biochemistry and chemistry. Qualified specialists have substantial commonality in their post-academic training and qualifications. For medically
http://www.ziddu.com/download/147767...80120.doc.html
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قانون التحاليل الطبيه في العراق
تعليمات
منح اجازة ممارسة مهنة العمل المختبري الاهلي للتحليلات المرضية
المادة ـ1ـ
اولآـ تمنح اجازة ممارسة مهنة العمل المختبري الاهلي للتحليلات المرضية من لجنة منح الاجازات المشكلة في وزارة الصحة على ان تتوفر فــي طالب الاجازة الشروط المنصوص عليها في المادة (2) من هــــــــــذه التعليمات 0
ثانيآـ يكون للمختبر الاهلي اختصاص واحد او اكثر من الاختصاصات المختبرية التالية عل ان يطبق هذا حت على المختبر المجاز قبل نفاذ هذه التعليمات 0
ثالثآـ تكون الاختصاصات المختبرية ما يأتي :ـ
أـ امراض الدم
ب ـ النسيج المرضي
ج ـ الفحص الخلوي
د ـ الكيمياء السريرية
هـ الاحياء المجهرية الطبية
و ـ المناعة السريرية
ز ـ الوراثة الخلوية
ح ـ اي اختصاص آخر من الاختصاصات الرئيسية في العمل المختبري تقره الوزاره0
المادة ـ2ـ
يشترط فيمن يطلب اجازة لممارسة العمل المختبري ما يأتي :ـ
اولآـ ان يكون عراقي الجنسية او يحمل جنسية احد الدول التي تعامل العراقي بالمثل 0
ثانيآـ ان تكون له احدى المؤهلات الاتية :
أـ حاصل على شهادة البورد او عضو الكلية الملكية البريطانية للباثولوجيين او مـــــــا
يعادلهما من شهادات ويجاز في احد الفروع المختبرية السريرية التي تنص عليهـــا
شهادته 0
ب ـ طبيب حاصلآ على شهادة الدبلوم العالي في الباثولوجي السريري ام ما يعادلهـــــا
فيجاز في احد الفروع المختبرية السريرية التي تنص عليها شهادته على ان تكون له
ممارسة عملية في المختبرات المختصة مدة لا تقل عن (1) سنة واحدة في الفــــرع
المختبري المعني بعد حصوله عل الشهادة المذكورة 0
ج ـ حاصل على شهادة مهنية دبلوم عال او دبلوم مهني او ما يعادلهما في احــــــــــــــد
الاختصاصات المختبرية السريرية فيجاز بفرع تخصصه عل ان تكون له ممارسة
عملية في المختبرات المختصة مدة لا تقل عن (1) سنة واحد بعد حصوله علـــــى
الشهادة المذكورة 0
دـ حاصل على شهادة اكادمية الدكتوراه او الماجستير او ما يعادلهما في احدى الاختصاصات
المختبرية السريرية فيجاز في فرع تخصصه على ان تكون له ممارسة عمليــة فــــــــــــي
المختبرات المختصة لمدة لاتقل عن (1) سنة واحدة بعد حصولة على الشهادة المذكـــورة
على ان تؤيد اللجان الفنية المختصة في الوزارة ان اطروحته لها علاقة بالاختصاصــــات
المختبرية السريرية 0
هـ خريج دورة الاطباء المقيمين الاقدمين في المختبرات او خريج دورة المختبـــــــــــــرات
للصيادلة او خريج كلية العلوم قسمي الاحياء المجهرية والكيمياء على ان تكون له ممارسة
عملية في المختبرات المختصه بعد تخرجه في الدوره لمدة لا تقل عن سنتين للاطباء وثلاث
سنوات للصيادله واربع سنوات لخريجي كلية العلوم قسمي الاحياء المجهرية والكيميــــــاء
ويجاز بفرع واحد فقط 0
موقع وزاره الصحه بالعراق
http://www.techmoh.net/labinstruction.htm
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قانون التحاليل الطبيه في الاردن
نظام ترخيص المختبرات الطبية الخاصة
صادر بمقتضى المادتين ( 5) و ( 66 )
من قانون الصحة العامة رقم ( 54 ) لسنة 2003
شمل العلوم الطبية المخبرية ما يلي :-
أ- علم الامراض النسيجي وتخصصاته الفرعية
ب- علم الامراض السريرية وتشمل التخصصات الفرعية التالية :-
1. علم مبحث الدم
2. علم الكيمياء الحيوية او الكيمياء السريرية .
3. علم الاحياء الدقيقة الطبية ويشمل علوم البكتيريا والطفيليات والفطريات .
4. علم المناعة
5. علم بنك الدم ونقله
6. علم الوراثة .
7. أي علم اخر يوافق الوزير على اضافته بناء على تنسيب اللجنة .
المادة 6-
يشترط فيمن يمنح ترخيص مزاولة المهنة ان يكون اردني الجنسية وغير محكوم بجناية او جنحة مخلة بالشرف والاخلاق ويحمل المؤهلات العلمية المنصوص عليها في هذا النظام .
المادة 7-
أ- اختصاصي المختبرات الطبية ويشمل ذلك من يلي :
1. الطبيب الحاصل على شهادة المجلس الطبي الاردني في أي من فروع العلوم الطبية المخبرية
2. الطبيب الحاصل على شهادة الدكتوراة في أي من فروع العلوم الطبية المخبرية وانهى تدريبا لمدة سنتين في مختبر طبي معترف به لغايات التدريب..
3. الطبيب الحاصل على الشهادة الجامعية الثانية او ما يعادلها في أي من فروع العلوم الطبية المخبرية وانهى تدريبا لمدة ثلاث سنوات في مختبر طبي معترف به لغايات التدريب
4. الحاصل على شهادة الدكتوراة في أي من فروع العلوم الطبية المخبرية وكانت شهادته الجامعية الاولى في العلوم الطبية المخبرية او أي فرع فيها او في التقنية الطبية وانهى تدريبا لمدة ثلاث سنوات في مختبر طبي معترف به لغايات التدريب.
5. الحاصل على الشهادة الجامعية الثانية او ما يعادلها في أي من فروع العلوم الطبية المخبرية وكانت شهادته الجامعية الاولى في العلوم الطبية المخبرية وانهى تدريبا لمدة اربع سنوات في مختبر طبي معترف به لغايات التدريب
موقع وزاره الصحه بالاردن
http://www.moh.gov.jo/MOH/arabic/rul...php?ruleid=133